.. Tn7 is a bacterial DNA cut and paste transposon that is distinguished by its ability to use several different pathways for target selection.  It may insert into a single specific chromosomal site called attTn7 that provides a “safe haven”, insert preferentially into a conjugating...

.. Bacteroides spp organisms, the predominant commensal bacteria in the human gut have become increasingly resistant to many antibiotics. They are now also considered to be reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes due to their capacity to harbor and disseminate these genes via mobile...

..RIG‑I‑like receptors (RLRs) are DExD/H box RNA helicases that play an essential role in antiviral innate immunity. RLRs sense viral infection by recognizing the non‑self structure of viral RNA in the cytoplasm and then trigger antiviral interferon (IFN) responses to eliminate invading...

..Mobilisable elements are genetic entities such as genomic islands, plasmids and transposons that are capable of intercellular movement, but are not in themselves conjugative. These elements rely on co‑resident conjugative elements to provide in trans factors that facilitate their transfer to...

..The E‑Cell System is an advanced platform intended for mathematical modeling and simulation of well‑stirred biochemical systems. We have recently implemented the Spatiocyte method as a set of plug in modules to the E‑Cell System, allowing simulations of complicated multicompartment...

..Many Trim proteins are up‑regulated by interferons, suggesting that they might be involved in the innate immune response against viruses. Indeed, some members of the family have been shown to be either regulators of the interferon pathways or to be directly involved in the restriction of...

..TRIM proteins play important roles in several patho‑physiological processes. Their common activity within the ubiquitylation pathway makes them amenable to a number of diverse biological roles. Many of the TRIM genes are highly and sometimes specifically expressed during embryogenesis, it is...

..Collectively, the mammalian Toll‑like receptors (TLRs) sense host invasion by most microbes, including bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses. They do so by recognizing signature molecules that herald infection: lipopeptides, lipopolysaccharides, flagellin, dsRNA, ssRNA and ssDNA. When such...

..Imaging of nasopharyngeal tumors is crucial for staging, preparing and evaluating treatment and for ensuring follow‑up. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and fluorodesoxyglucose positron emission tomography are the main imaging tools. Each device is endowed with its own...

..Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCC mec ) is a class of mobile genetic element SCC that carries the methicillin resistant determinant mecA . It is a mobile genetic element driven by site‑specific recombinase(s) designated as cassette chromosome recombinase ( ccr ). Although many...